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Каспинфо июль 2001 |
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Название: Нефть и газ в мире. Материалы на английском Главные Пункты: * КТК частично использует готовую российскую инфраструктуру, дополняет трубопровод на Самару, а также проходит по равнине в отличие от предложенного США варианта маршрута, пересекающего Кавказские горы. * Авторы доклада <Колхетская низменность - по направлению к устойчивому развитию?> , опубликованного "Зеленой альтернативой", утверждают, что правительство Грузии поддерживает нефтяные проекты на ООПТ, не учитывая экологическое, социальное и экономическое последствия. * По мнению экспертов, добыча нефти ЛУКойлом на Куршской косе, включенной в список объектов Всемирного наследия ЮНЕСКО, создает угрозу экосистеме всего Балтийского моря. * и др. сообщения. (04.07.2001) Полный Текст Нефть и газ в мире. Материалы на английском Материалы на английском *** /17:21 05.07.2001/ BP says Baku-Ceyhan pipe will be open to Kazakh oil London, July 4. (CNA). A partner in the consortium developing a US-backed trans-Caspian pipeline, on Wednesday denied reports that the route would exclude Kazakh oil and said the link would be open to all regional energy producers, Reuters reports. BP's Vice-President of Export Development Wref Digings told an oil conference the Baku-Ceyhan project, once seen as economically unviable, was moving steadily towards reality and was already 14 days into its second phase. Digings denied recent media reports that have quoted BP executives as saying there would be no room in the pipeline for oil from Kazakhstan. "There will be space available in the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline for Kazakh volumes," Digings said. "While oil from the Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli fields will be suffficient to make the line work, it is not true that this is the only oil we want." "It will be attractive for us to get (oil) from Kazakhstan or elsewhere," he added. Digings said total project costs would ultimately hit $3.3 billion, a third of which will come from equity holders and the rest from export credit agencies and institutional lenders. Baku-Ceyhan gained a boost when Eni, the operator of the Kashagan project off the Kazakh Caspian shore, decided to join the $150 million engineering study, though TotalFinaElf, another Kashagan partner, favours a route through Iran. Kashagan, possibly one of the largest oil discoveries in the past three decades, has sparked a three-way race between the United States, Iran and Russia to control export routes from the crude and boost influence over the energy-rich Caspian. While the one million barrel-per-day Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan, costlier than the other two options, was earlier believed unfeasible without Kazakh crude, Digings said it would derive its main feedstock from four billion barrels in Azeri reserves. BP recently bailed out of Kashagan, preferring to concentrate on Azerbaijan where it has larger stakes. BTC also includes Unocal Itochu and Statoil. CNA/www.caspian.ru *** The Moscow Times - Thursday, Jun. 21, 2001. Page 6 CPC May Earn Taxes Of $20Bln The Associated Press The government will collect more than $20 billion in taxes over the next four decades from the pipeline running between the Tengiz oil field in Kazakhstan and the Russian Black Sea port of Novorossiisk, a top oil executive said Wednesday. The 1,580-kilometer pipeline, which will ultimately have a capacity of 600,000 barrels per day, is scheduled to begin full operations on Aug. 6. The Tengiz field is estimated to hold 6.8 billion barrels of oil, making it the world's sixth-largest field. Annual tax payments and customs duties from the pipeline will reach $300 million by 2008 and peak at $800 million by 2016, said Ian MacDonald, president of Chevron Neftegaz Inc., the Chevron Corp. unit that is the biggest shareholder in the Tengiz field. The pipeline is expected give Moscow political clout in the strategic Caspian region. Russia has a 24 percent stake in the Caspian Pipeline Consortium, followed by Kazakhstan with 19 percent and Oman with 7 percent. Aside from Chevron, the $2.8 billion project also involves seven oil companies, including Exxon-Mobil and Kerr McGee. The United States has tried to limit Russia's control over Caspian petroleum exports, backing an alternative pipeline route through Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey to the Mediterranean Sea that would bypass Russia and Iran. Russia has strongly advocated the new route, which takes advantage of some Russian infrastructure and supplements a pipeline to the central city of Samara. Also, the CPC pipeline runs over mostly over flat steppe and is devoid of natural obstacles, unlike the U.S.-backed route, which crosses the Caucasus Mountains. *** Press release: New National Parks with New Oil Terminals the Strategy for Georgiadefined by IFIs? NEW NATIONAL PARKS WITH NEW OIL TERMINALS - THE STRATEGY FOR GEORGIA DEFINED BY IFIS Press release July 3, 2001 - Tbilisi, Georgia. A new report "Kolkhety Lowland - Towards Sustainable Development?" released by Green Alternative from Georgia and the CEE Bankwatch Network clarifies how the promotion of oil development projects , combined with policy reforms and private sector risk mitigation by International Financial Institutions, has given rise to situation in which the Georgian Government is supporting all oil related projects without calculating the cumulative environmental, economic and social impacts. The new oil terminals, port and oil exploration projects have appeared like mushrooms after the rain, even in national protected areas. The construction of the new oil terminal in the Ramsar Convention Protected areas and an oil transit railway in Kolkhety National Park will undermine laudable efforts for the development of a national park system in Georgia and set a precedent for further violations of international agreements and commitments undertaken by the Georgian Government. Taking into consideration that the World Bank is supposed to be engaged in the development of the National Park System in Georgia, the precedent will set a negative example and result in a wide range of industrial activities in the National Parks. "The World Bank paves the way for public support of a massive pipeline and other oil transit projects in Georgia, which will pump oil from developments funded in Caspian. However, nothing was done to find out how much the fragile Georgian environment will withstand. What will be real benefit for local peoples?" said Manana Kochladze, author of the report. The report calls for the main key players, the World Bank, EBRD and Georgian Government, to develop a Strategic Environmental Impacts and Economic Assessment, to stop construction of new ports and oil terminals until above mentioned assessments is completed, and to support and uphold the legal framework establishing and protecting the Kolkhety National Park. NOTES FOR EDITORS: The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat, was signed in Ramsar, 2.2.1971, amended by Paris Protocol of 3.12.1982, recognizing "fundamental ecological functions of wetlands as regulates of water regimes and as habitats supporting a characteristic flora and fauna, constitute a resource of great economic, cultural, scientific and recreational value, the loss of which would be irreparable" CEE Bankwatch Network is an association of citizens' organizations from 11 countries of Central and Eastern Europe concerned with the activities of International Financial Institutions (IFIs) in the region. One of the main goals of the Network is to facilitate informed public dialogue on IFIs policies and projects. ========================= Additional Information: Manana Kochladze CEE Bankwatch Network National Coordinator Association "Green Alternative" visiting address: Mtskeha str 1. ap12 mailing address: Chavchavadze 62, Tbilisi, Georgia, 380062 tel: 99532 22 33 47 E-mail: manana@wanex.net www.bankwatch.org ================================ NEW PHONE AND FAX NUMBER Petr Hlobil International Oil and Climate Coordinator CEE Bankwatch Network Kratka 26, Praha 10, 100 00, Czech Republic Tel.+fax: 420-2-7481 65 71 http://www.bankwatch.org Caucasus Environmental NGO Network (CENN) *** It's Bye-Bye Beluga If Caviar Exports Are Banned Financial Times (London), June 16, 2001 By Frances Williams Geneva -- A ban on caviar exports from the four ex-Soviet states bordering the Caspian Sea, the source of 95 per cent of the world's "black gold", is among recommendations before members of the convention on international trade in endangered species (Cites), which begins a four-day meeting on Tuesday. Cites, which put caviar trade on its restricted list in 1997, says Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan have failed to take essential conservation measures to save the Caspian's endangered sturgeon species. In a final bid to head off the ban, three of the four Caspian range states meeting this week in Geneva agreed a joint statement on sturgeon conservation, promising to improve the management of sturgeon resources and clamp down on illegal trade. Turkmenistan, which did not attend the meeting, is expected to endorse the statement before the Paris meeting. But Cites' scientific advisers say that even if reforms are put in place, the four countries should have their annual quotas cut by 80 per cent from last year's 95,040kg. The 82,810kg quota for Iran, the other Caspian range state, is not under threat because Iran is considered to manage sturgeon stocks well. Official catch levels from the Caspian have plummeted from a peak of about 30,000 tonnes in the 1970s to about 1,100 tonnes in the late 1990s. Pollution and the damming of rivers have played a part, but the main cause has been overfishing following the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991 and a dramatic increase in poaching, often controlled by organised crime. One of the six native Caspian sturgeon species, the deep black Beluga, which produces the finest and most expensive caviar, "probably doesn't even reproduce in the wild any more", says Willem Wijnstekers, Cites secretary-general. Sturgeon do not start producing roe until they are 15 years old and they can live to over 100 years, but most are now caught before they reach maturity. Up to 200kg of caviar (unfertilised eggs) can be produced by a single female fish, although sturgeon are also killed for their meat and skins. With 250g of the best Iranian caviar fetching up to Dollars 1,000 in the west, "The sturgeon is probably the single most valuable wildlife resource in the world today", says Robert Hepworth of the UN environment programme. The value of official catches is put at some Dollars 100m a year, but illegal sales may be 10-12 times larger, giving a total market of about Dollars 1bn, environment officials say. Cites controls, which require monitoring and certification of exports, have been effective in cutting illegal supplies to Europe and North America. But most illegal caviar is sold on the domestic market, at as low as Dollars 50 a kilo. Mr Wijnstekers admits that export controls can be only part of the picture, but says it is the only sanction available internationally. "Unless something is done now, either the species won't exist or we will have to ban all trade", he says. Russian Environmental Digest -- the world's major English-language press on environmental issues in Russia11 June - 17 June 2001, Vol. 3, No. 24 *** Lithuania Averse to Russia's Plans to Produce Oil in Baltic Sea Russian Oil And Gas Report, June 15, 2001 Lithuanian authorities again announced that they are averse to Russia's plans to begin development of oil reserves in the Baltic Sea near the Curonian Spit, which was put on the list of international heritage sites by UNESCO. The Lithuanian Foreign Minister announced that the Russian party has not yet answered the Lithuanian note about this issue, which was sent in October 2000. The Lithuanian Environmental Minister announced that development of oil reserves in the area would pose a serious threat to the environment of the Curonian Spit and to the entire Baltic Sea. Recently, ecologists became concerned about the condition of the coast of the Lithuanian part of the Curonian Spit. ' According to experts, in this area petroleum products leak from the ships sunk during World War II and later. Meanwhile, the unique nature of the Curonian Spit is very vulnerable. Greenpeace says that the threat to the "Baltic pearl" is growing due to the plans of LUKoil, because the company is going to develop the oil field located in a seismically active zone of the Baltic Sea. Russian Environmental Digest -- the world's major English-language press on environmental issues in Russia11 June - 17 June 2001, Vol. 3, No. 24 *** Russia To Focus On Arctic Resources ITAR-TASS, June 15, 2001 By Yelena Kornysheva Moscow -- The Russian government approved the basics of the state policy in the Arctic region on Thursday and decided to submit the document for the aprroval of the president. The main aim is to streamline mineral wealth production in the region, ensure favourable conditions for local producers and foreign investors, according to the government press service. Major fields of natural resources are located in the Arctic region where proved natural gas reserves comprise 80 per cent of the total in Russia. Experts predict oil reserves in the deepwater part of the Arctic Ocean to amount to 15-20 billion tonnes of conditional fuel. Besides, the Arctic region is rich in nickel, apatites, copper, cobalt. The region accounts for one percent of the Russian population, while the resources exported from there comprise 22 per cent of total Russian exports. The document also took into consideration the military-strategic importance of the region as the Northern fleet is based there together with important defense enterprises. The document also attributes considerable importance to ecological issues. It toughens ecological norms for producers and introduces obligatory state ecological examination of investment projects in the region. Russian Environmental Digest -- the world's major English-language press on environmental issues in Russia11 June - 17 June 2001, Vol. 3, No. 24 |