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Каспинфо февраль 2000 |
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Название: Материалы на английском Главные Пункты: * Новости о проекте КТК из Ставропольского края. * Казахстан и Китай пытаются разрешить спор о нефтяной компании. * Японцы займутся перестройкой НПЗ в Атырау. * Туркменистан отложил подписание договора о разделе продукции по трем месторождениям на востоке страны. * Знакомство с Green Front (Зеленым Фронтом) Ирана (Гринпис) * Иранская сеть экологических НПО. (08.02.2000) Полный Текст Материалы на английском Russian Environmental Digest (REDfiles) is a compilation of the week's major English-language press on environmental issues in Russia. 24 - 30 January 2000, Vol. 2, No. 4 6 Progress Reported on New Caspian Oil Pipeline BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, January 28, 2000 Russia's Stavropol Territory has been quick to realize the financial benefits of hosting a section of the Tengiz-Novorossiysk pipeline, which is to carry oil from Kazakhstan to the Black Sea, and the construction project is making faster progress here than in neighbouring regions, according to the 'Izvestiya' newspaper. The following is the text of a report by Nikolay Gritchin, published in the newspaper on 20th January under the headline "What has been obtained from the pipeline": Stavropol: The welding of the first 40 km of the future Tengiz-Novorossiysk oil pipeline has been completed in Stavropol. The Territory is confidently outstripping its neighbours through whose territory it passes (Astrakhan Region, Kalmykia, Krasnodar Territory) in the speed of laying the pipeline. The leading positions are connected with the local authorities' most interested attitude to the Territory's largest project. Nikolay Kovalevskiy, deputy minister of industry in the Territory's government, cites the contract's benefits: several hundred Stavropol citizens have found work on the project; visiting companies have been registered for taxation in the Territory; and the passage of oil through the pipeline promises a substantial replenishment of the regional budget. The last-mentioned argument is the weightiest. During the 40 years following the opening of the pipeline, planned for next year, the Territory calculates that it will obtain 1.5bn dollars from its operation. Not a few problems have also arisen for the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) - the pipeline's owner - in the Territory. Some of them have not been resolved to date. One of the most ticklish procedures was the allocation of land for the 253-km pipeline. It runs through six of the Territory's Districts and will require the temporary removal from crop rotation of 1,148 ha of land, belonging to a large number of owners. That is the land where the trench for the pipeline is now being dug. Besides the aforementioned area, 43.7 ha have been handed over to the pipeline's owner for permanent use. Pumping stations and fire-fighting services will be sited on them. The owners of all this land have received a tidy sum - R169.7m - as compensation from the CPC. Only Stavropol ecologists have criticisms of the consortium. According to Boris Kabelchuk, deputy chairman of the Territory's state committee for the protection of the environment, the ways of surmounting water obstacles and dumping waste so far remain blank spots and this could lead to negative economic consequences. But the voices of those who are dissatisfied are drowned out in the friendly chorus of support. How can one fail to support the project when, during not quite a year of cooperation, the consortium's management has allocated, within the framework of charitable aid, R12m odd for social needs in the Districts affected by the pipeline. New ambulances have arrived at rural hospitals, new gas boilers instead of stoves are being installed in the houses of settlements and villages and in children's boarding schools reconstruction work is being carried out and modern equipment brought in. All this influences the image of governor Aleksandr Chernogorov, whose four-year term of office expires this year and who faces re-election. *********** RADIO FREE EUROPE/RADIO LIBERTY, PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC ___________________________________________________________ RFE/RL NEWSLINE Vol. 4, No. 21, Part I, 31 January 2000 KAZAKHSTAN, CHINA SEEK TO RESOLVE OIL COMPANY DISPUTE. Kazakhstan's Premier Toqaev met in Davos on 29 January with Chinese Vice Premier Wu Bangguo to discuss Kazakhstan's Aktobemunaigaz company in which the Chinese National Petroleum Company (CNPC) purchased a 60 percent stake in the fall of 1997, Interfax reported. One year later, the CNPC dismissed 2,000 employees of the company, but to date has neither paid them compensation nor offered them alternative employment. Toqaev said this failure risks compounding social tensions in Aktobe Oblast. The two ministers also discussed the planned construction of a gas export pipeline from Kazakhstan to China. Agreement on that project was reached in late 1997, but the agreed feasibility study for the project has not yet been undertaken. Kazakh officials last summer cast doubts on that project's economic viability (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 17 and 18 August 1999). LF ********* RADIO FREE EUROPE/RADIO LIBERTY, PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC ___________________________________________________________ RFE/RL NEWSLINE Vol. 4, No. 25, Part I, 4 February 2000 JAPAN TO REBUILD OIL REFINERY IN KAZAKHSTAN. The Japanese Bank of International Cooperation has approved funding for a $450 million project whereby Japan's Marubeni company will rebuild the Atyrau Oil refinery, Interfax reported on 3 February. The reconstruction will increase the refinery's annual capacity and boost product yield from crude oil, which is currently 42-29 percent. Japan's involvement in the project has been criticized by Atyrau Governor Imangali Tasmagambetov, who told Interfax last month that the refinery could meet the costs of reconstruction itself over a five- year period if it functioned at full capacity. In 1999, Tasmagambetov said, the refinery operated at only 38 percent of its capacity. Similarly, the Pavlodar refinery stood idle for much of last year because of limited supplies of crude oil. LF ******** RADIO FREE EUROPE/RADIO LIBERTY, PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC ___________________________________________________________ RFE/RL NEWSLINE Vol. 4, No. 27, Part I, 8 February 2000 TURKMENISTAN POSTPONES SIGNING OF PSA WITH SHELL. Shell and the Turkmen government have postponed indefinitely the signing of a production-sharing agreement on extracting gas from three deposits in eastern Turkmenistan, Interfax reported on 7 February, quoting an unnamed Turkmen government official. The signing of that document had originally scheduled been for 20 February. The official added that talks between the two sides on the terms of the agreement will continue. The gas in question is earmarked for export via the proposed Trans-Caspian pipeline. LF ******** An Introduction to Green Front of Iran (Green Peace) Respect for Life and Nature How It Started * Green Front of Iran (GFI) was established by a small group of distinguished personalities in October 1989. * Four medical students as founders of GFI headed this group. Current Staffs * Dr. Siamak Moattari President and Speaker * Dr. Jamal Moini Head of Board of Directors * Around 6000 members that are active in more than 35 working groups Beliefs * Green Front of Iran (Green Peace) strives to promote the preservation of the earth which it considers to be both a blessing and a sacred trust. * This group recognizes that the present age is an age of an impending clash- a clash between man and his biosphere. It holds as one of its primary goals public education regarding the roots and causes of this clash. * This group also holds that in fact technology, which is comprised of human intellectual and organized behavior, should not be against humanity when developed in harmony with nature. * Green Front of Iran envisions global peace being achieved only through people to people relations based on principles of humanity * Realizing that progress is inevitable, Green Front of Iran believes that the consistent overlooking of the limited capacity of our Earth is undoubtedly a multifaceted impending crisis. * It views man as the primary factor of his own sustainable development and as such views human development and environmental protection as inseparable entities. * This group feels that public participation and public awareness particularly through the efforts of NGOs and grassroots movements can pave the way for genuine sustainable development. * GFI believes that the natural environment must be protected as provided in Islamic instructions and subsequently puts its faith in the cultural, economic, institutional, and legal movements existing in the Islamic Republic of Iran. * Furthermore Green Front of Iran holds that a sense of responsibility and duty towards the preservation and conservation of the nation's natural resources must be viewed as an absolute priority and subsequently should be widely promoted as such. * In addition to its faith in Islam, this group respects all monotheistic religions. Goals * Striving to bring about greater public participation and cooperation for the purpose of environmental protection. * Utilizing all communication resources available (e.g. mass media, print media, etc.) for the purpose of increasing the quantity and quality of information available regarding environmental issues. * Contributing to the development of a popular culture valuing environmental ethics. * Creating a forum for research and investigation of the nation's most pressing environmental concerns by leading experts and researchers. * Participating in family planning education programs and warning against the dangers of population growth. * Identifying sources of environmental pollution and reflecting such finding to individuals, for whom such information is relevant. * Struggling against the inconsistent models of production and consumption. * Introducing areas in need of national protection (I.e. in the form of national parks) to the government authorities. * Creating different working committees for different environmental and humanitarian purposes. * Developing relationships and dialogues regarding environmental issues with various other environmental NGOs nationally and internationally. * Support for the establishment of strong and enforceable environmental regulations in Iran in order to hold both the private and public sectors as well as individuals responsible for their actions resulting in undesired consequences for the natural environment. Important Points * Cooperative and Group Management * Most Jobs Done by Youth between 18 and 25 * Women Participation * Improving Self-Confidence of Young Members Main Fields of Activity * Formation of around 35 professional working teams in different areas of environmental issues. The youths in these groups have always demonstrated overwhelming self-confidence in leading such voluntary movements. * Environmental ethics training specially to children and teenagers. * Protection and cleanup of polluted public areas like mountain regions or coastal areas to raise more concern among people. * Publication of the currently quarterly "Green Peace" which serves as a forum for presenting environmental news, suggestions, and criticisms. * Helping the youth to cooperate in such projects as rubbish recycling performed by municipality and other organizations. * Organization of national and international conferences on environmental issues. * Submissions of various declarations on different occasions like the World Mountain Day or The Week of Environment. * Searching for more economical models of consumption especially for environmental basics like water and forest. Some Examples of the Activities * Peak Cleanups in World Mountain Day * Cleanup of Anzali Wetland * Caspian Sea Cleanup Campaign * Various Tree Plantation Ceremonies * Cleanup of the Bank of Rivers * Warnings Against Over-Consumption of Water * Recycling Projects and Face-to-Face Training * Organization of Bicycling Programs * Environmental Assessment of Industrial Complexes Enhancement Plans * Establishing of Affiliated Branches in the Provinces of Khorasan, Golestan, Kermanshah, Azebaijan Sharghi and Gharbi, Hamedan, Kerman, Sistan, Lorestan and Khouzestan. * Formation of Secretariat of International Affairs * Invitation of Caspian Sea NGOs to Take Part in the Caspian Beach Cleanup Campaign * Cooperation with Local Branches and Main Bureaus of UN, UNESCO, UNEP, etc. * Recognition by UN Global Environment Facility (GEF) Program. * Cooperation with Foreign Embassies in Tehran. ********* Iranian Environmental NGOs Network In the name of God Background The formation of environmental NGOs network took place in 3rd January 1999 and was the result of an extensive cooperation launched by more than 15 NGOs that participated in the consultation workshop on NGO's capacity building, in March 1998 in Bushehr. Because these kind of activities are very new in Iran and all NGOs have many similar difficulties, i.e. formation, registration and fund raising, in order to reduce and solve these problems, the concept of networking was born. Objectives Some of the important principles adopted by the convention are: 1) Linking and cooperation between environmental NGOs. 2) Identification of the capacities of each environmental NGO and enhance NGOs capacity building. 3) Coordination of their activities at national and international levels. The Main objectives of each NGO are: * Education and research * Socio-Cultural studies * Public awareness and dissemination of information * Exchange of communication at national, regional and international levels. Network's Structure The network is composed of six main bodies, namely: 1) General Assembly, consist of 3 representatives of each NGO 2) Executive Council, 7 member which choose by General Assembly 3) Network sections 4) Administration 5) Budgetary and Finance 6) Inspectors Executive Council The first executive council was elected from the different NGOs and consist of seven regular members, two substitute members and two inspectors, of whom one acts are substitute. The elected members of the boards are: 1) Behzad , Haghighi , MSE., the secretary of Network Representative of Green Front of Iran(Green Peace) 2) Victoria, Jamali MSc. Deputy secretary . Representative of Women Society Against Environmental Pollution 2) Hassan Ali Laghaee ,Ph.D. , member Representative of Environmentalist Society of Iran 3) Asghar Arjomand Nia , Ph.D, member . Representative and General director of Persia 4) Abdolah Ashtari B.A member. Representative and head of Mountain Environment Protection Committee of Iran 6) Fatemeh Shabani , B.S, member. Representative and secretary of the Association of quality development & Improvement of Iran's Industries 7) Mohamad Hadi Heidarzadeh MSc. member . Representative and General director of Ava-E-Sabz Inspector - Katreen Razavi Representative of SENESTA Membership Each NGO should conform to the definition described in the convention . 1) Formation of non- - governmental organizations/NGOs is a human formation , which is voluntarily and non-profitable . They are independent of governmental departments . NGOs can be formed at national , regional and local levels . The objectives and responsibilities of these formations are to be defined by its members , who share common interests and goals , and their task is aimed at philanthropic activities . These formations consist of specialists and public figures. The major activities of these organizations are centered on the public awareness , education , research , applied research and environmental issues. 2) The primary activity of environmental formations is the conservation and enhancement of the environment . 3) Human formation is open to all interested individuals and welcomes new members to join . It works towards active public participation , in environmental affairs . Condition for membership would be defined in accordance with the articles of association . Address : Apt. 12- No. 5 , Kavousi Alley, Vazirypoor St. ,Mohseni SQ. , Mirdamad BLD. Email: Tina_H@ mavara. com Telephone : 2220453 Fax : 2220453 |